Peste des petits ruminants ppr, also known as goat plague, is a viral disease of goats and sheep characterized by fever, sores in the mouth, diarrhea, pneumonia, and sometimes death. Peste des petits ruminants virus pprv causes a contagious disease of high morbidity and mortality in small ruminant populations globally. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is a severe viral disease of small ruminants caused by a. Peste des petits ruminants ppr or sheep and goat plague is a contagious fatal viral disease of small ruminants characterized by fever, pneumonia, diarrhea, and inflammation of the respiratory and digestive tracts. An economic analysis of the prevention of peste des petits.
Heavy losses can be seen, especially in goats, with morbidity and mortality rates sometimes approaching 80100%. Goats are usually known to be more susceptible to the disease. Scientific opinion on peste des petits ruminants efsa. Progress towards eradication of peste des petits ruminants. Frontiers eradication of peste des petits ruminants. Cn102302774b peste des petits ruminants recombinant goat. West african goats have been found to be more susceptible than european, and within the former group, the kids are more susceptible to the disease 22. Natural peste des petits ruminants virus infection in. Introduction peste des petits ruminants ppr is an acute, highly contagious and transboundary viral disease of sheep and goats with variable rates of morbidity and mortality that can reach 100% and 90% respectively.
Mortality rates vary between 50% and 100%, causing signi. Occurrence of peste des petits ruminants and its increasing. This study evaluates the tissue tropism and pathogenesis of ppr following experimental infection of goats using a. The veterinary microbiology 165 20 38394041424344 peste des petits ruminants ppr is a widespread viral disease caused by a morbillivirus paramyxoviridae. The prognosis of peste des petits ruminants is poor and death can occur within. Later on, the disease has been reported from other states of the country viz. Book, 2012, pdf peste des petits ruminants ppr situation in africa. Peste des petits ruminants an overview sciencedirect. Phylogenetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus. In the present study, 15 goats were challenged by the intranasal route with a. A highly contagious viral disease, primarily affecting goats and sheep.
The disease was first described by workers in the cote divoire gargadennec and lalanne, 1942, and thereafter in other parts of west africa in the 1950s and 1960s. Ovine rinderpest, also commonly known as peste des petits ruminants ppr, is a contagious disease affecting goats and sheep in africa from tropic of cancer to equator, the middleeast and the indian subcontinent. In bangladesh ppr is endemic and it causes serious economic losses. Pdf peste des petits ruminants, the next eradicated animal. It is closely related to rinderpest, measles, canine distemper and morbilliviruses of marine mammals and is the most economically important viral disease of small ruminants. Infection chronology, virus circulation, and the disease early detection need to be better understood. How to control ppr pest des petitis ruminants outbreak in. Ovine rinderpest, also commonly known as peste des petits ruminants ppr, is a contagious disease primarily affecting goats and sheep. Young animals are most severely affected, goats more than sheep. Assessment of seroconversion against peste des petits. History and current status of peste des petits ruminants virus in. Ppr is currently present in north, central, west and east africa, the middle east, and south asia.
Incidence of peste des petits ruminants in nomadic sheep. Peste des petits ruminants is a highly contagious, systemic disease of goats and sheep that is similar to rinderpest and caused by a closely related morbillivirus, peste des petits ruminants virus. In its most severe form peracute animals are found dead. Epidemiology and infection pastoral production is associated. Pseudorinderpest, goat plague, pest of small ruminants, pest of sheep and. Clinical signs observed included sudden onset of pyrexia, necrosis and erosions of the oral cavity, diarrhoea, and pneumonia, in that chronological order.
It is caused by a morbillivirus in the family paramyxoviridae. Therefore, it has a severe socioeconomic impact in the livestock industry in countries whose economy relies on small. A novel recombinant peste des petits ruminantscanine. The peste des petits ruminants virus pprv expresses a hemagglutinin h glycoprotein on its outer envelope that is crucial for viral attachment to host cells and represents a key. Molecular characterization of peste des petits ruminants in. Natural peste des petits ruminants virus infection in black. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is a highly contagious viral disease of wild and domestic small ruminants and camels characterized by oculonasal discharge, stomatitis, diarrhea and pneumonia kulkarni et al. Molecular epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants ppr. Detection of peste des petits ruminants viral rna in fecal. Overview of peste des petits ruminants generalized. Peste des petits ruminants ppr, also known as sheep and goat plague, is a highly contagious animal disease affecting small ruminants.
Peste des petits ruminants virus, tunisia, 201220 cdc. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is an acute, infectious and devastating disease of small ruminants, especially of goats. Sep 14, 2020 peste des petits ruminant ppr is an infectious viral disease of small ruminants caused by ppr virus. The infection was first described in west africa, but now occurs in subsaharan africa, the middle east, and the asian subcontinent, including nepal. Early events following experimental infection with pestedespetits. It is also known as ovine rinderpest, pest of small ruminants, pest of sheep and goats, stomatitispneumoenteritis complex or syndrome, pseudorinderpest of.
Peste des petits ruminants pathogenesis on experimental infected. Peste des petits ruminants ppr, also known as goat plague, occurs in goats, sheep and related species. Prevalence of peste des petits ruminants among sheep and. Peste des petitis ruminant pprv is a zoonotic disease affecting small ruminants, but goats are affected more severely than sheep 21. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is also known as goat plague, kata. Peste des petits ruminants ppr in goats in nigeria. Peste des petits ruminants is caused by a virus of the family paramyxoviridae, genus morbillivirus. The latter is of particular concern, as it is a vector borne disease that primarily affects ruminants, with past outbreaks resulting in hundreds of human. Peste des petits ruminants virus isolates used for complete genome analysis virus isolates genbank accession no.
In india, the disease was first reported in sheep in tamil nadu shaila et al. Peste des petits ruminants ppr, goat plague peste des petits ruminants ppr, goat plague. Peste des petits ruminants pseudorinderpest etiology. Original article partial genetic characterization of peste. It is caused by small ruminants morbillivirus in the genus morbillivirus, and is closely related. Peste des petits ruminants virus pprv causes the acute, highly contagious disease.
Since 1942, it has spread throughout the countries of east, north. Peste des petits ruminants pathogenesis on experimental. O department of veterinary pathology, university of ibadan, ibadan, nigeria. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is an economically important transboundary viral disease of goats. Ppr has been diagnosed in several countries of the arabian peninsula during the past decades. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is a viral disease of major economic importance on small ruminants. Cattle and pigs can be infected, but do not show signs of disease. Peste des petits ruminants virus pprv, family paramyxoviridae, genus morbillivirus causes a contagious disease of high morbidity and mortality in sheep, goat and other small ruminant populations. Pathomorphological based diagnosis of peste des petits. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is a highly contagious viral disease of domestic and wild small ruminants and thus has serious socioeconomic implications. Prevalence and mortality rate of peste des petits ruminant ppr.
Diagnosis and control of peste des petits ruminants. Pdf an outbreak of peste des petits ruminants in a goat. Studies revealed that pprv is endemic in sheep and goats in. The disease has also been reported in a some wild ungulates. Peste des petits ruminants an overview sciencedirect topics. Christopher cebra, margaret cebra, in sheep and goat medicine second edition, 2012. Despite the eradication of rp, the appearance of rplike disease in cattle should not be ascribed to pprv unless confirmed by laboratory test. Peste des petits ruminants is primarily a disease of sheep and goats. It is caused by a morbillivirusin the family paramyxoviridae. A novel recombinant newcastle disease virus vectored diva. Peste des petits ruminants in goat virology animal. In pakistan, during the year 2012 20, estimated losses due to ppr were worth rs. Pastoral production is associated with increased peste des. Muthuchelvan d, dheeraj r, govindaraj g, suresh kp, hemadri d, roy p 2020 seroprevalence study of peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats in the northern region of india, veterinary world, 8.
Peste des petits ruminants introduction peste des petits ruminants ppr is a highly contagious disease of sheep and goats that was first observed in cote divoire in 1942. Peste des petits ruminant ppr is severe highly contagious, notifiable, and transboundary viral disease affecting 5. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is an acute or subacute viral disease of goats and sheep characterized by fever, necrotic stomatitis, gastroenteritis, pneumonia, and sometimes death. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is a highly contagious, fatal. Mar, 2020 peste des petits ruminants ppr is a widespread and devastating disease of domestic and wild artiodactyls caused by peste des petits ruminants virus pprv. The clinical features of peste des petits ruminants ppr virus infection in goats were studied in two field outbreaks and by contact exposure of susceptible goats. In maharashtra, the first ppr outbreak in goats was reported in 1994 72. The american whitetailed deer develops disease under experimental conditions. Using crosssectional serosurvey data collected in 2016, our study investigated pprv seroprevalence and risk factors among sheep, goats and cattle in 20 agropastoral ap and pastoral p villages in northern tanzania. This study measured the clinical prevalence of peste des petits ruminants ppr among sheep and goats in india between 2003 and 2009 by analyzing clinical samples from suspected cases of ppr that were submitted to the rinderpest and allied disease laboratory, division of. Buchanan city, liberia, peste des petits ruminants, seroconversion, veterinary services. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is a disease of goats, sheep, and taxonomically related species caused by a morbillivirus in the family paramyxoviridae. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is a contagious disease that infects goats and sheep and has a casemortality rate of.
Molecular evolution of peste des petits ruminants virus1. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is a highly contagious viral disease of goats and sheep. The present study describes pathological findings in 25 cases of peste des petits ruminants ppr infection. It is now recognized as being endemic in large parts of africa, the near and middle east, and asia banyard et al. Until recently, this virus was named simply peste des petits ruminants virus pprv. Pdf peste des petits ruminants, the next eradicated. Peste des petits ruminants in goat virology animal virology. Peste des petits ruminants virus pprv, a member of the morbillivirus genus. Peste des petits ruminants in goat free download as powerpoint presentation. Lineage source reference ivory coast1989 eu267273 i goat nigeria1976 eu267274 ii sheep nigeria19751 x74443 ii goat 14, vaccine strain uganda 2012 kj867543 iii goat.
Ppr to the oie in 2012 20 include algeria, angola, comoros, egypt. In 2012, the aphl received samples from an outbreak of ppr re. Peste des petits ruminants ppr, also known as goat plague and ovine rinderpest, occurs in goats, sheep and related species. Clinicopathological observations in experimental peste des. Molecular epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants ppr in. Susceptibility of moroccan sheep and goat breeds to peste. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is an acute, highly contagious, world. From 2012 to 2014, vaccination was continued on a half yearly. Among domestic animals, goats and sheep are primarily affected, representing a threat to the primary source of livelihoods for 300 million rural families. In november 2012, a higher number of deaths than normal occurred in goat herds. Preliminary qualitative risk assessment for peste des petits. Dimerization efficiency of canine distemper virus matrix. This study measured the clinical prevalence of peste des petits ruminants ppr among sheep and goats in india between 2003 and 2009 by analyzing clinical samples from suspected cases of ppr that were submitted to the rinderpest and allied disease laboratory, division of virology, ivri, mukteswar fo.
Peste des petitisruminants ppr is an acute or subacute viral disease of goats and sheep and is characterized by fever, necrotic stomatitis, gastroenteritis and pneumonia. Peste des petits ruminants virus in heilongjiang province. An acute form usually is seen in goat and is similar to rinderpest. Recently, an outbreak of ppr occurred at a goat farm in nankana district. Serological investigations of peste des petits ruminants in. Frontiers eradication of peste des petits ruminants virus. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is a contagious, world organization for animal health notifiable. Pathology of ppr has been reported in different goat and sheep breeds from natural and experimental infections. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is an important viral disease of sheep and goats and is endemic in all regions of turkey. Preliminary qualitative risk assessment for peste des petits ruminants ppr in sheep exported from sudan during 2012. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is a contagious viral disease of domestic and wild small ruminants. Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of peste des. Frontiers peste des petits ruminants risk factors and.
Sep 24, 2020 antibody seroprevalences against peste des petits ruminants ppr virus in camels, cattle, goats and sheep in ethiopia. Seroprevalence of sheep and goat pox, peste des petits. Molecular characterization of peste des petits ruminants. During july 2012, a total of 143 goats information were collected. There is a single serotype of ppr virus, but four distinct genetic lineages. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is an acute or peracute, febrile, often fatal disease of ruminants caused by a virus in the genus morbillivirus, family paramyxoviridae.
The ppr virus causes highly contagious, oie notifiable and economically. Rumen of peste des petit ruminants diseased goat, 1972, photo. It is caused by a morbillivirus in the family of paramyxoviruses, that is related to rinderpest. Pdf pathology of peste des petits ruminants satya parida. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is a highly contagious infectious disease of goats, sheep and small wild ruminant species with high morbidity and mortality rates. Out of 462 goats carcass examination, in which 262 cases were from slaughtered animals and 200 cases were from fallen animals. The classic feature of ppr is a severe respiratory disease. Once introduced, the virus can infect up to 90 percent of an animal heard, and the disease kills anywhere from 30 to 70 percent of infected animals. In 2012, the mean prevalence rate of infected herds was 46 % of 3 619. Haryana veterinarian peste des petitisruminants ppr is an acute or subacute viral disease of goats and sheep and is characterized by fever, necrotic stomatitis, gastroenteritis and pneumonia. The peste des petits ruminants recombinant goat pox virus live vector vaccines comprise. It was first reported in cote divoire the ivory coast in 1942 and subsequently in other parts of west africa. Although goat and sheep are the primary hosts of ppr, studies have continuously reported the prevalence of circulating antibodies in large ruminants, which could bring a potential challenge to effectively control and eradicate ppr.
Sheep are less susceptible than goats and whitetailed deer. At one time, peste des petits ruminants was thought to be restricted to the middle east and limited areas of africa and asia. Ppr virus pprv is a member of the family paramyxoviridae, genus morbillivirus 1. Peste des petits ruminants ppr, a highly contagious viral disease of small. Global distribution of peste des petits ruminants virus and prospects for improved diagnosis and control. Introduction to peste des petits ruminants peste des petits ruminants ppr is a highly contagious, infectious, and often fatal viral disease that affects domestic and wild small ruminants. In 2012, the first recombinant vaccine using a reverse genetics system to rescue pprv. Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants virus antibodies in camels in nigeria 9 peste des petits ruminants in turkey.
Pestedespetits ruminants virus pprv is a viral pathogen that causes a. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is a highly contagious disease of small ruminants that leads to high. Oct, 2015 small ruminant livestock such as sheep and goats are susceptible to sheep pox virus sppv, goat pox virus gtpv, peste des petits ruminants virus pprv and rift valley fever virus rvf. The peste des petits ruminant ppr virus is a small ruminant morbillivirus srmv, formerly known as ppr virus, belonging to the family paramyxoviridae, and the genotype of the virus is clustered into four lineages, based on the nucleoprotein n and fusion f genebased sequence and phylogenetic analysis. Peste des petits ruminants articles of the oie terrestrial. The study was planned to carry out the molecular epidemiology of ppr. The invention provides peste des petits ruminants recombinant goat pox virus live vector vaccines. Clinically, it is characterized by fever, gastroenteritis, erosive lesions of mucous membranes, and respiratory distress due to severe bronchopneumonia. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is also known as goat plague. However, the disease can be mild or unapparent and circulate in a country. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is a highly contagious viral disease of sheep and goats with high mortality.
Seroprevalence study of peste des petits ruminants in. Although both cattle and pigs are susceptible to infec. The morbidity and mortality rates of ppr can reach up to 100%. Dec 16, 2019 background peste des petits ruminants ppr is a viral disease of major economic importance on small ruminants. A total of 34 nasal swabs sheep and 21 goats samples of flocks suspected for ppr infection. On post mortem examination, pathological findings included erosive ulcerative stomatitis, severe haemorrhagic enteritis along with enlarged mesenteric lymph. Morbidity and mortality are high when occurring in naive sheep and goats populations. Serological studies on peste des petits ruminants ppr in. A total of 1,072 serum samples were collected by convenience sampling across five provinces in laos and tested for.
Since 1942, it has spread throughout the countries of east, north, and west africa, the middle east and some asian countries. Molecular epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants ppr in goat md. Peste des petits ruminants ppr is a highly contagious viral disease that mainly affects sheep and goats. This study aimed to determine a baseline of serological evidence for peste des petits ruminants virus pprv in lao goats.
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